Principles and Practice free essay sample

Section 1: Principles of Effective CommunicationChapter 1: Foundations of Management CommunicationChapter 2: Setting GoalsCase: Yellowtail Marine, Inc. Section 3: Audience AnalysisCase: Weymouth Steel CorporationChapter 4: Point of ViewCase: Smith Financial CorporationChapter 5: Message: Content and ArgumentCase: Cuttyhunk Bank (A)Chapter 6: StructureCase: McGregors Ltd. Retail establishment Chapter 7: Choosing MediaCase: The Timken Company Chapter 8: Style and Tone Case: Vanrex, Inc. Section 2: ApplicationsChapter 9: Giving and Receiving FeedbackCase: Bailey and Wick Chapter 10: Managing Meetings Case: Lincoln Park Redevelopment Project Chapter 11: Communicating ChangeCase: Hammermill Paper CompanyChapter 12: Communicating with External Audiences Case An: Oxford Energy Case B: NutraSweetChapter 13: Diversity and Intercultural CommunicationCase A: Reed-Watkins PharmaceuticalsCase B: International OilChapter 14: Personal and Corporate EthicsCase A: Hal of Erhardt Company: One Audit Senior’s DilemmaCase B: McArthur PlaceChapter 15: Electronic CommunicationCase A: The E-Mail EncounterCase B: Unifone CommunicationsPart 3: TechniqueChapter 16: Effective WritingStyle manual to be cross-referenced all through the courseChapter 17: Effective SpeakingStyle manual on talking, utilization of illustrations, and gathering introduction to be cross referenced all through the courseAppendix Case 16: Dotsworth PressCase 17: Fair will be Fair, Isn’t †¢Identifying outside correspondence needs as indicated by your various crowds and in various settings. We will compose a custom paper test on Standards and Practice or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page For example, a task may include the cooperation and coordination of different associations that need a perpetual correspondence framework to cooperate in arranging occasions or creating and sharing archives identified with the occasions. Another venture may include posting an overview on the Web website that should be basic and clear to lure the crowd to react promptly and look for future outcomes. Connecting with the top managerial staff in an increasingly dynamic job in the key arranging of the association may likewise require an exceptional correspondence set-up that would encourage sharing records, accepting input and having virtual gatherings to finish choices. †¢Identifying the instruments that would successfully draw in outer crowds in a two or multi-way correspondence practice with the association, as identified with a particular task or to a hierarchical goal. For the main case referenced above, setting an electronic conversation bunch for a particular venture and setting up a private site to share archives would encourage the correspondence and coordination among all the entertainers associated with it. For the third case, you may need to arrangement a private site where the top managerial staff can take a gander at fiscal reports and vital plans, send their remarks on explicit issues to the remainder of the board, and facilitate a virtual gathering to examine basic issues and finish choices and proposals with respect to the association. †¢Building attention to outside crowds in taking part in a two or multi-way correspondence framework that will improve the execution of explicit undertakings or accomplish explicit objectives identified with the association.

Corruption- A threat to Democracy essays

Defilement A danger to Democracy papers Defilement A Threat To Democracy Mankind's history has so far saw three modes or types of administration: (an) administration by a ruler lord; (b) rule by a despot; and (c) popularity based administration. Through a procedure of experimentation, vote based system with every one of its imperfections has come to be acknowledged as the best type of administration. India with its incredible legacy of virtues, culture and development is without a doubt the biggest majority rule nation on the planet. After autonomy, India acknowledged the Parliamentary type of popular government where all forces of the state were vested in the hands of chose delegates of the individuals. Parliament and State Legislatures are the most significant mainstays of Indian vote based system. Individuals choose their agents occasionally and decisions structure a basic piece of our majority rule framework. The certified yearnings and desires for the individuals can be reflected distinctly through reasonable races. It was along these lines compulsory with respect to the Members of Parliament (MPs) and the Members of the Legislative Assemblies (MLAs) in the states to carry on as indicated by the standards set down in our Constitution and to endeavor to ensure our incredible legacy and virtues. Be that as it may, the famous proclamation, Power debases and total force taints completely has come to remain in our political framework moreover. In a snapshot of retrospection of the Indian legislative issues, one understands with alert that the just framework is progressively being driven by cash, muscle power, singular covetousness and unconcealed desire of political pioneers. The framework neglects to serve the regular man and as a People we have been compelled to give up the standards that motivated the originators of present day India to imagine the nation as a model of individuals situated legislative issues and advancement for the remainder of the world. A dynamic political framework implies a variety of ideological groups, which is all generally excellent. Yet, the liveliness of the framework doesn't imply that the politic... <!

Iraq (Cultures of the World) | Book

Iraq (Cultures of the World) | Book Presentation Hassig and Al Adely contend in their book known as Iraq: Culture of the world, that Iraq has been a significant conversation included in news everywhere throughout the world over the most recent ten years of the twentieth century and in the early long periods of the 21st century. Its antiquated history has intrigued and owed numerous however setting off the global network to have many negative responses. In old days, Iraq was known as Mesopotamia meaning â€Å"land between two waterways the Euphrates and the Tigris† with Arabs, Sumerians, Turks and Babylonians adding to the thriving of the nation. This has made Iraq to be known as â€Å"the support of civilization.† They later examine Iraqs atmosphere, geology, fauna, administration, economy, verdure and the countrys history as talked about beneath. Topography Iraqs topography is made of mountains in the north, marshland on waterway banks and deserts in the south. The Iraq territory is rough found in the residents who live in neediness and war however as yet holding to their religion, convictions, customs and interests. The countrys geological area is in the south western locale of Asia. Iraqs prolific land is found between the two waterways which has upheld farming for a long time. Albeit other than the terrains fruitfulness, the countrys geography and vegetation is changing definitely with west and southern parts changing into deserts and the north changing into cold hilly locales. There are steppe desert fields towards the west. This makes the spot to be hardly populated because of the rough landscape in addition to the brutal climatic conditions. The northern lower regions area gets copious precipitation hence delivering a ton of grain for the nation. The lower regions have numerous archeological locales like the old city of Assyria. The northeastern mountains are possessed by numerous individuals because of its fruitful land for pastures and the positive cool atmosphere. The later is additionally the land with most extravagant oil fields. In spite of the fact that, being remote, the mountains go about as a safe house for crooks and revolutionaries. Atmosphere Iraq is examined to have untrustworthy atmosphere. The north encounters freezing cold winters and sweltering summers; the west is a desert therefore dry; eastern sides are tropical in this way damp. Iraq is a dry nation. Averagely, the countrys summer temperatures extend from 24to 43 degrees Celsius while 4 to 16 degrees Celsius in winter. It gets little precipitation, around 130cm every year. The downpour dissipates rapidly making the nation to rely upon water system for development. Once in a while the nation encounters damaging floods. Greenery The nation has an assortment of vegetation because of the various atmospheres experienced. Instances of trees developing in the high height are snow capped plants, oak trees, juniper and hawthorn. The vegetation becomes sparingly because of the raised salt focus and the ominous atmosphere. The nation has desert vegetation which get by in the blistering summer and flourish in the in spring after precipitation. Dates are likewise developed numerous pieces of Iraq. The plant is alluded to as â€Å"the plant of life† because of its numerous employments. It is utilized to make an assortment of dishes, the palm is utilized for weaving and date pits are ground to make a drink. Fauna The nation has little fauna corresponding to its size. Generally, people keep camels as they endure very well in deserts. They require little water for endurance and can travel significant distances. The deserts have an assortment of nighttime creatures. The Euphrates and Tigris give a natural surroundings to new water fish. Iraq has numerous urban areas models are Baghdad, Basra, Mosul and Kirkuk. Baghdad, the capital city of Iraq, developed from a little town which had become the core of customs and instruction. At the present time, it is the focal point of government with numerous businesses for example oil businesses and food processors. The city was extraordinarily influenced by the bay wars. Their bombs focused on military and organization structures for the most part the legislatures. At present, the city is being redesigned. However, this procedure is being eased back by global licenses that prevent nations from providing Iraq with building materials. History Iraq has the best history. It is accepted to be the foundation of human progress in 3500B.C. A model is the chamber seals discovered there. They were squeezed into mud and used to make marks. The city fabricated ziggurat which are pyramid molded sanctuaries that made weapons and estimating contraptions. The creators additionally discusses the nations brilliant age and the outside triumph. Iraq was then proclaimed a free realm in October 1932. The nation was later confronted with issues inside and with neighboring nations. In the late 1940s, the nation confronted monetary emergency brought about by overall deficiencies and the mass migration of Jews to Israel from Iraq. This was likewise because of World War II. In 1991, there was an Iraq-Iran war which radically influenced their economy. Hussein and Al-Sabath family overseeing Kuwaiti differ on different issues. Oil fields lied in their fringe making them squabble since 1958. Overproduction of oil by Kuwait to recoup cash to pay their loaner, brought down oil costs which additionally influenced Iraq. Afterward, Hussein sorted out gatherings to assault Kuwait causing the Al-Sabath to outcast to Saudi Arabia. Joined Nations responded by endorsing financial endorsement on Iraq that the nation couldn't send out their oil. Joined Nations made military soldiers by December 1990 which utilized power to clear Iraq troops from Kuwait. Iraq didn't pull back from Kuwait and in this manner United Nations sorted out to assault Iraq. This influenced Iraq as the war asserted 100,000 existences of Iraqis. Government The nation had tyranny administration since 1979 during Saddam Husseins rule. The weapons utilized against Iraq influenced them. Weapons made of toxic substances that could spread through water and air was utilized against Iraq. Iraq arranged a psychological oppressor assault and later assaulted United States in September 2001. This has been causing fights between the two nations modern. U.S government arranged to assault Iraq, despite the fact that individuals who partook in the main Gulf War II were against it. Iraq, under Saddam Hussein, was creating mass annihilation weapons which the U.S government focused to decimate. The subsequent bay war started on nineteenth of March, 2003 when the U.S government arranged rockets to a royal residence that was accepted to have Saddam Hussein and his family covering up. The aircraft focused on Iraq urban areas that are hardly populated to stay away from slaughter and obliterating the foundation. In any case, they were met by composed guerrilla restriction that was savage and this opposition never appeared. The U.S Special Forces arranged and with the sponsorship from the Kurdish civilian armies they assumed control over the oil fields in the north. Tikrit, Husseins old neighborhood was taken by the U.S troop and Iraqis praised his ruin. The principle motivation of the war was to supplant Saddam Husseins autocracy rule. Edginess of the Iraqis made them loot historical centers, foundation and bastions of their pioneers. The Iraqis who had flown from the nation begun to return to the nation and pronouncing themselves pioneers in both strict and political fields. Th ere was no reasonable administration. U.S doled out their processing plants to reestablish the annihilated framework. Residents manufactured trust in more promising time to come in 2003 after the breakdown of military dictatorship. Iraq formed into a sovereign state from the relationship of nations approved by British government on third of October,1932 and moved its initiative from an Alliance of Provisional Power to Iraq government on 28th of June,2004. Along these lines the administration has a parliamentary popular government kind of administration. Economy Iraq professes to have 143 barrels of raw petroleum and in 2009 it marked a significant creation manage universal oil organizations. The nation has set an objective of 2.2million barrels for 2011 after the consistent ascent in shipments from the Kurdish locale. End Taking everything into account, Iraq as a nation has fabulous topographical and archeological locales with variable atmosphere. The unforgiving climatic conditions experienced has made the nation to rely upon water system for farming and has additionally limited the kinds of animals tamed by Iraqis for example the vast majority of them keep camels. The nation is depicted to be rich with oil however being crushed with the repetitive war and awful administration. All inclusive, renaissance of delivering oil and gas in Iraq would help diminish oil costs internationally. This would help with expanding oil amount after the sharp overall sorrow that happened in 2008-2009 which prompted a consistent increment in its cost. Iraq has the likelihood to get one of the universes boss oil makers given its tremendous oil assets. Overwhelming renegades in the Middle East of Iraq has helped Iraq which is presently advancing. This book investigates Iraqs geology, past, government, riches, residents, a nd conventions.

Share Your College Financial Aid Offer

HomePlanTools2019 Financial Aid Merit Scholarship SurveyThis page may contain affiliate links.Mar 9, 2019 Share Your Information To Help Your Family and Others ATTENTION FAMILIES OF HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS! What if you had information about the financial aid and merit scholarship offers colleges gave other students? Would it help you make a more informed decision about the financial aid and scholarship package your student was offered? Would you be willing to share your students offer information to build a database of information to be shared with other families? We hope so! By working together, families can create a rich set of data that will benefit themselves as well as future families with students applying to college. At Road2College, were working to help families use data to make smarter college decisions. To help with this effort, we created an easy to use tool to help you both compare your financial aid offers and let you see what other families received at the schools you have offers for. FILL OUT THE SURVEY HERE Road2College Debbie Schwartz is former financial services executive and founder of Road2College and the Paying For College 101 Facebook group. She's dedicated to providing families with trustworthy information about college admissions and paying for college. With data, tools and access to experts she's helping families become educated consumers of higher ed. View all posts CATEGORIES PlanTools TAGS College DataMerit ScholarshipsNeed Based AidNEWER POSTColleges With Co-op Programs: What You Need To KnowOLDER POST4 Options To Refinance Your Parent PLUS Loans

How to Write an Outstanding College Application Essay

The college application essay is an essential part of the admissions process. However, when Prompt.com reviewed thousands of application essays, the company noticed that the average essay was rated C.  A report by the National Association for College Admission Counseling found that grades in college prep courses were the most important factor, followed by admission test scores. However, the application essay was ranked much higher than recommendations from counselors and teachers, class rank, the interview, extracurricular activities and many other factors. Since the college application essay is so important, ThoughtCo spoke with several experts to discover the best ways to write one that will win over college admissions officers. Why the College Application Essay is So Important So many elements are included in the application process that students may wonder why they need to worry about the essay. Brad Schiller, co-founder and CEO of Prompt.com, tells ThoughtCo that many applicants to the same schools may have comparable grades and test scores. â€Å"However, the essay is the differentiator; its one of the few pieces of an application over which a student has direct control, and it provides readers with a sense of who the student is, how the student will fit in at the school, and how successful the student will be both in college  and upon graduation.† And for students with an uneven profile, the college application essay may provide a chance to shine. Christina DeCario, the associate director of Admissions at the College of Charleston, tells ThoughtCo that the essay provides clues about a student’s writing skills, personality and preparedness for college. She advises students to view the essay as an opportunity. â€Å"If your profile is a little uneven, like you’re successful outside the classroom but your grades aren’t quite there, or you’re the valedictorian but you’re not a good test taker, the essay can push you from a maybe to a yes,† DeCario explains. How to Choose a Topic According to Schiller, such topics as the student’s goals, passions, personality, or periods of personal growth are all good areas in which to start brainstorming. However, he says that students rarely select topics in these areas. Cailin Papszycki, director of college admissions programs at Kaplan Test Prep agrees, and says the aim of the essay is to present the student as thoughtful and mature. â€Å"The key is to inspire using a personal story that captures this quality.† Papszycki believes that transformational experiences are great topics. â€Å"For example, did you overcome extreme shyness by shining in the school musical production? Did a family crisis change your outlook on life and make you a better child or sibling?† When students can tell a sincere and persuasive story, Papszycki says colleges believe they can bring distinct experiences to the college environment. Creativity is also a good tool to employ when writing the essay. Merrilyn Dunlap, interim director of Admissions at Clarion University of Pennsylvania, tells ThoughtCo, â€Å"I still remember reading an essay about why the orange flavored tic tac is the best tic tac to eat.† She also recalls an essay that was written when the MasterCard â€Å"priceless† ads were popular. â€Å"The student opened the essay with something like: Cost to visit five college campuses $200. Application fees for five colleges $300 Moving away from home for the first time priceless In addition, Dunlap says she likes to see essays on why a student chose a particular field of study because these types of essays tend to bring out the student’s emotions. â€Å"When they write about something that they are passionate about, it is in their favor; they become real to us.† So, what types of topics should be avoided? Schiller cautions against any subject that could portray the student negatively. â€Å"Some common poor choices of topics we see are getting poor grades due to lack of effort, depression or anxiety that you have not overcome, conflicts with other people that went unresolved, or poor personal decisions,† he warns. Do’s and Don’ts to Writing a College Application Essay After choosing a compelling topic, our panel of experts offer the following advice. Create an outline.  Schiller believes that it’s important for students to organize their thoughts, and an outline can help them structure their thoughts. â€Å"First, always start with the end in mind – what do you want your  reader  to think after reading your essay?† And, he recommends using the thesis statement to quickly get to the essay’s main point. Don’t write a narrative. While Schiller admits that the college essay should provide information about the student, he warns against a long, rambling account. â€Å"Stories and anecdotes are an integral part of showing your reader who you are, but a good rule of thumb is to make these no more than 40% of your word count and leave the rest of your words for reflection and analysis.† Have a conclusion. â€Å"So many essays start off well, the second and third paragraphs are solid, and then they just end,† laments DeCario. â€Å"You need to explain why you told me all the things you wrote about earlier in the essay; relate it to yourself and the essay question.† Revise early and often. Don’t just write one draft and think you’re done. Papszycki says the essay will need to undergo several revisions – and not just to catch grammatical errors. â€Å"Ask your parents, teachers, high school counselors or friends for their eyes and edits.† She recommends these individuals because they know the student better than anyone else, and they also want the student to succeed. â€Å"Take their constructive criticism in the spirit for which they intend - your benefit.† Proofread to the max. DeCario recommends having someone else proofread it. And then, she says the student should read it out loud. â€Å"When you proofread, you should check for grammar and sentence structure; when someone else proofreads, they will be looking for clarity in the essay; when you read it out loud, you’ll catch errors or even entire missing words like ‘a’ or ‘and’ that you didn’t catch when you read it in your head.† Don’t cram for the essay. Start early so there will be plenty of time. â€Å"The summer before senior year can be a great time to start work on your essay,† Papszycki explains. Use humor judiciously. â€Å"It’s fine to use wit and imagination, but dont try to be humorous if thats not your personality,† Papszycki advises. She also warns against forcing humor because it can have an unintended effect.  Ã‚   Additional Tips For students who want more information on ways to write a stellar college application essay, Schiller recommends a persona.prompt.com quiz that helps students identify their personas, and also an essay outlining tool.

A Love Song for Bobby Long Analysis Essay - 714 Words

â€Å"A Love Song for Bobby Long† written by Grayson Capps and â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† written by TS Eliot remind the world of men who struggle with the demons of life. The little voices in your head saying â€Å"I don’t think you can do that.† These voices cause you to doubt yourself and your talents. They take the life out of you, and cause you to wonder if you even have a purpose here on earth. Now let’s take a deeper look into these poems and closely analyze their similarities and differences. Bobby Long, a handsome football prospect who possessed the talent of superior acting, was a man who was known for wasting his talents and making the wrong decisions. He chose a road less traveled : a path through life that many people†¦show more content†¦They dont ever build the courage to face their inner demons. They never realize their true talent, instead just doubt themselves, even when people give them compliments that come from the heart. In their eyes, they will never be good enough. They will never be the ideal husband, but instead, just the weird man everyone points to and laughs at. In Bobby Long’s love song, he realizes he isn’t the ideal husband; however he still womanizes the women and doesn’t care, as long as he never gets sexually frustrated. However, Prufrock struggles with even approaching a woman. His nerves get the best of him and he cannot build the courage to approach her and aska her the tough question. Bobby Long struggles with the confusion of not being able to pick sides (between the devil and God.) He suffers from the struggle of being able to make the right decions, or which to follow. Prufrock struggles with his inner demons. He is his biggest enemy. He causes himself to suffer and keep wondering. Wondering why he could never be the leading role in his own life. He wonders why he could never be â€Å"Prince Hamlet.† Then later realizes maybe he just was never meant to have that role. In Bobby Long and Prufrocks life, they doubt their ability to be great. They feel that they have reached the end of the world therefore why try? TheyShow MoreRelatedMamma Mia Case Study1594 Words   |  7 Pagescontinues to sell out to packed houses night after night. Mamma Mia’s claim to fame has been a long roller coaster ride. The show had its ups, downs, twists and turns. It had gained a lot of critics and fans. It had its fair share of controversies. But nonetheless, It made people get up on their seats and dance to the song â€Å"Dancing Queen† and made everyone sing along with â€Å"Thank You For The Music.† Love the show or hate it, you can’t deny the fact that it is a phenomenal feel-good musical. I. MainRead MoreEssay on Sociological Analysis of The Film Riding in Cars with Boys1257 Words   |  6 PagesSociological Analysis of The Film Riding in Cars with Boys Beverly, the main character of â€Å"Riding in Cars With Boys† fell into the categories of heterosexual, female. Beverly’s family of orientation consisted of her mother and father. The movie begins with Beverly participating in a craze with the most popular guy in school, who is a member of a voluntary, closed group of jocks. Beverly decides to use her innate ability for writing to express her non-material culture in the form of a love poem. Read More Art Blakey Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagesto help support his family and put food on the table. Blakey turned to music as a way of escaping the exhausting day-to-day labor of the mills. Blakey taught himself how to play the piano. Even though he couldnt read music, and could only play songs in three keys, Blakey was a crowd favorite a several local venues. He used to make fifteen-twenty dollars a night in tips every night he went. At fifteen Blakey was leading his own band. 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Helter Skelter, Manson believed, was going to occur in the summer of 1969 when blacks were going to rise up and slaughter all the white people. He told his followers that they would be saved because they would go underground, literally,Read MoreAmerican Accent Training6996 Words   |  28 PagesNative speakers dont say Bob is on the phone, but say [bà ¤bizà ¤n the foun]. Sound units make a sentence flow smoothly, like peanut butter— never really ending and never really starting, just flowing along. Even chunky peanut butter is acceptable. So long as you dont try to put plain peanuts directly onto your bread, youll be OK. 2 + Use staircase intonation. Let those sound groups floating on the wavy river in the figure flow downhill and youll get the staircase. 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Pride And Prejudice (1393 words) Essay Example For Students

Pride And Prejudice (1393 words) Essay Pride And PrejudiceIn her novels, Jane Austen employs the timelessly effective characterization agents of dialogue, action, and point of view to cleverly manipulate the reader’s emotions towards the characters. Austen successfully creates heroins in a time that it was not social acceptable to think of women in a heroic role. She is so successful in applying these characterization techniques in her story lines that she molds a positive feeling towards strong females without the reader even realizing the influence the author’s agents have had, at the same time creating a very entertaining story. In Pride and Prejudice as well as Mansfield Park for example, Jane Austen creates characters who are some of the finest products of strong and intelligent women, yet do not loose their femininity, of our civilization. She accomplishes this feat by using the dialogue and action of the characters to manipulate the reader’s feelings towards these women. Austen also uses irony, satire and humor in all of her novels to show how ridiculous conventional Victorian country life was. She had a plethera of social commentary to make, and although women in her time period were conventionally outspoken, she used her novels as a means to show women could be intelligent, humorous, and strong without loosing their femininity. Jane Austen was a child of the Enlightenment, an age when reason was valued while many romantic traditions were slowly coming to light in society. As one of the educated and intelligent women emerging from this era, Austen used the character of Elizabeth Bennet, in Pride and Prejudice, to epitomize the harmonious balance between reason and emotion in a woman, making her a very likeable character to the reader. In Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeths strength of character is emphasized by its contrast with the weak, n?ive acceptance of Janes character, the instability and excess of Mrs. Bennets and the blind, sheep like following of Kittys. Her strength is also shown in her rejections of the proposals of Mr. Collins and Darcy. Unlike her mother, she does not base her choice of love on the financial security that they could give to her, and has the strength and willingness to reject them. This is a prime example of Austen’s social commentary. She skillfully manipulates the reader int o likeing this character, but she gives her features that in everyday life people would think negativly of. This is especially evident in her rejection of Darcys initial proposal, when she displays a great deal of strength in her anger due to her belief that he has willfully prevented Jane and Bingleys marriage and wronged Wickham by refusing to grant him the property that the old Mr. Darcy bestowed upon him. In both cases, the man is self-assured that his proposal will be accepted, and as a result Elizabeths rejections are in proportion to the size of the blows that their egos receive. In Rosings, she does not let Lady Catherine tyrannize her as the mere satellites of money and rank, she thought she could witness without trepidation. The Lucases and Collinses are submissive to Lady Catherine, with Maria being frightened almost out of her senses, and it is probable that society as a whole behaves likewise, as Elizabeth suspects she is the first creature who had ever dared to trifle with such dignified impertinence. Austen again portrays her as a rebel against ideas of class, popular in the day, when Lady Catherine pays a visit to her to ensure that she does not marry Darcy and Elizabeth refuses to accept the idea that Pemberley will be polluted by her presence. Here Elizabeth stands up for what she believes to be right. Elizabeth also expresses her rebellion against society by not becoming accomplished in the arts, as women were expected to then. Elizabeths intelligence reveals her to be one of the few characters of the novel that really strike the reader, Austen portrays her as a sensible individual in a society largely composed of fools. Which incidently is another example of the social observations Austen makes in her novels. As the daughter of Mr. Bennet, her view of society is cynical and ironical, heightened by the presence of brainless family members and neighbors. It is her sense of irony that enables her to survive in such a society, as she enjoys the humor of the ridiculousness of Mr. Collins as her father does. However, she does not use as insulting a tone as her father does, but chooses to define it as impertinence. After Darcys proposal is accepted, Darcy tells her that one of the reasons why he fell in love with her was the liveliness of your mind, showing that her intelligence adds to her charms as she uses it in the form of with rather than cold cynicism. She enjoys studying characters, and is able to tell Bingley, I understand you perfectly. The relative objectiveness of her views of characters is emphasized when compared with people like Jane, who assumes that all people are good-hearted, and Mr. Collins, who is automatically swayed to the favor of people of noble birth. Elizabeths subjective first impressions of Darcy and Wickham show that she is human and can make mistakes in this field; but the fact that she can apply reason after her initial outrage on reading Darcys letter demonstrates her ability to face truths an d change her mind rationally. She is self-aware, unlike characters such as Mr. Collins who do not realize their own absurdity. She can criticize herself, such as when she is enraged with herself for being so silly for hoping that Darcy still loves her, or even mocking herself, as when she remarks on the potential misfortune that she may find a man agreeable whom one is determined to hate!The existence of contrasting characters in Pride and Prejudice displays the fact that Elizabeth has a balance between the cold knowledge of Mary and the wild emotion of Lydia. Mr. Bennet brands both Lydia and Mary as silly, but he respects Elizabeth as she can use reason to apply her knowledge and to curb her emotion. The severe practicality of Charlotte Lucas, seen in her acceptance of Mr. Collins proposal which Elizabeth had refused, highlights the fact that although Elizabeth is not romantic to the point of ignoring reality, she is not overly pragmatic either, and understands the importance of lo ve and emotion in life. However, Elizabeth also possesses qualities which make her attractive in a traditional feminine way. She is undoubtedly pretty, being said to be equally next to Jane in birth and beauty. After Darcys initial rejection to dance with her, it is her fine eyes that begin to interest him. Despite her cynicism towards humanity, she is not as passive towards the silliness of her family members actions as Mr. Bennet, being embarrassed at the Netherfield ball and trying to prevent Lydia from going to Brighton. After marriage, she is able to reform Kitty by bringing her to live with her so that she becomes, by proper attention andmanagement, less irritable, less ignorant, and less insipid. Her intimate relationship with Jane is touching, as they confide in each other and give each other advice. It reveals Elizabeths capacity for sympathy, as seen in the vehemence of her accusation of Darcy for deliberately keeping Jane and Bingley apart. Darcy cites her affectionate be havior to Jane. Their sisterly relationship is seen as all the more valuable when contrasted with that of Kitty and Lydia, where Lydia simply encourages Kitty in foolishness and is insensitive to her when she is upset. Her high spirits,which can be construed as flirtatious, also attract Darcy to her, as illustrated by her demand that he help to sustain a conversation between them when they dance together at the Netherfield ball. Her character is in no way unfeminine, and it is no wonder that Darcy is attracted to her after he comes to know and understand her. From this, we can see that Austen has managed to create her ideal woman in Elizabeth. Her strength and intelligence are qualities that make her respectable and admirable to any man or woman, but the fact that she possesses a softer, feminine side makes her genuinely attractive in the eyes of the reader, and helps us to better appreciate her other qualities. .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde , .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .postImageUrl , .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde , .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde:hover , .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde:visited , .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde:active { border:0!important; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde:active , .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5c95ba989021970f59752720f0cebcde:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ramayana EssayEnglish Essays

Making India Work Summary

In his book, â€Å"making India work†, William Nanda Bissell has endeavored to directly confront the poverty facing India by recognizing the enormous potential that the country has at its disposal. This is in spite of the high levels of grinding poverty that afflict more than 60 percent of the population. As Bissell has rightly observed, India is not a poor country. Instead, we ought to blame the poor management structures in the country for the problems that we are now faced with (Bissell, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Making India Work: Summary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, Bissell has pointed out that India considers itself to be a superpower, and yet well over 60% of the country’s population is faced with grinding poverty. The transformative ideas that Bissell proposes are intended to ensure wealth generation at the grassroots level, as opposed to relying on a trickle-do wn effect. One cannot help but observe how Bissell’s book is an attempt to provide solutions to the problems that been forecasted by Mahatma Gandhi in his fundamental principles of living. According to Gandhi, need, as opposed to greed, ought to constitute the foundation of all forms of consumptions and in light of this, he made a clarion call for suitably scaled institutions, that is, locally decentralize institutions that can easily be access by the people. In addition, he also warns us against blindly imitating the consumption and industrialization patterns that are a characteristic of the western nations. In his book, Bissell has endeavored to capture four fundamental ideas: Scaling down government Bissell proposes the adoption of a government structure that consists of four levels. In this case, Bissell recommends that the community should constitute the fundamental and active unit of government, effectively replacing the Panchayats (Bissell, 2010). Bissell proposes that the community should be made up of 25,000 people. In addition, he has also recommended that districts should be replaced by a group of 100 communities, or what he refers to as an Area. Moreover, a collection of 10 Areas would effectively replace the state. At the highest level of these 4 stages of structural governance is the Nation (Bissell, 2010). Bissell has advocated for a simplification of the government, in addition to ensuring that its roles are reduced by way of setting standards, individual rights, and monitoring and regulating compliance. Furthermore, Bissell asserts that this structure would be most ideal in helping to reduce the bureaucracy that characterizes the Indian government. At the moment, there are 22 million strong government servants and Bissell is convinced that this figure should be reduced to 2 million government servants. Ending poverty The Indian government has assumed a scattered approach in its quest to alleviate poverty. As a result, only a fraction of the financial assistance really reaches the intended beneficiaries. As a result, a majority of the Indian shall still remain poor. In order to end the poverty cycle, Bissell recommends the adoption of a voucher system, one that he has called Targeted Catalysts.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case, the Targeted Catalyst would ensure that each individual is guaranteed of receiving six fundamental services namely, drinking water, nutrition, healthcare, sewage disposal, education, and legal assistance (Bissell, 2010). The private sectors would be charged with the responsibility of ensuring that these essential services are provided to those in need, for purposes of increasing effectiveness and efficiency. Therefore, Indians in need of these vital services would receive the vouchers from the government and present them to the private service providers, who would then have to be reimbursed for the services provided by the government (Bissell, 2010). Further, Bissell has recommended that the reimbursement value should be pegged on the quality rating of such a private providers, meaning that those who are in a position to provide better services also receive better pay. Tax simplification The prevailing excesses of taxes namely, capital gains tax, incomes tax, excise duty, and sales tax, among others, often times discourage productivity. In addition, a high collection and compliance cost is often attached to these taxes (Bissell, 2010). In a bid to overcome these shortcomings, Bissell has proposed the adoption of a simple system of taxation that is primarily based on property tax that is an annual rate of one percent on the value of property, to be collected by communities. Bissell further contends that even as the prevailing tax system has the potential to realize approximately $120 billion in terms of annual revenue, nonetheless, the proposed new system has the potential to realize a total annual revenue collection of $300 billion at a lesser cost than that accrued by the current system of taxation (Bissell, 2010). In addition, Bissell argues that embracing the proposed new system of revenue collection would ensure that the community government becomes empowered since most of the revenues collection, along with a spending of the same on the identified Targeted Catalysts would effectively occur at the Community level. The Real Cost Bissell has endeavored to unearth the underlying cause of the failure by the modern day capitalist nations. In this regard, he argues that today’s capitalism has not succeeded in placing the deserved value on the real cost of production, such as the environmental cost of producing products, the actual cost of production, as well as the cost of disposal (Bissell, 2010). As a result, Bissell argues that there is need to take into account the real cost of a product when we are computing its pricing. In t he same way, as citizens, access to clean water and air constitutes the basic human rights and as such, we are entitled to these. Bissell has also observed that environmental exchanges shall enable those communities that have invested in clean water, biodiversity and forest to trade credits with their counterparts who are still aging behind.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Making India Work: Summary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consequently, this shall translate into increased investment in efforts to ensure greener environments (Bissell, 2010). Besides, Bissell has also presented a worked out transition and National Asset Corporation plan that would make use of the public sector assets value for purposes of financing government downsizing efforts, along with other transition costs. Reflection Bissell has managed to accurately diagnose the challenges facing India. For example, he has vividly managed to illus trate how mere talk on sustainability, poverty alleviation and inclusive growth may not actually succeed until our governance, political, welfare, justice economics, development and planning systems have all been fundamentally transformed. There is need to appreciated the fact that India should not be compared with a machine that require re-engineering. The recommendations provided by Bissell are too prescriptive, not to mention that they almost solely rely on rational thinking, economics concepts, and design and engineering, and have failed to take into account the cultural, emotional sociological and relationships aspects. For instance, Bissell is convinced that if the right system has been implemented, individuals and communities alike shall rationally and automatically work hard in order to ensure maximization, in addition to ensuring that the accruing benefits are equitably shared. In yet another example, Bissell has recommended that the community and state boundaries be reorga nized on the basis of the overall population, with little or no regard fro linguistic, ethnic, and cultural identities. Even as Bissell’s suggestion still remains a logical and fundamental one, nonetheless, he has abhorrently misjudged the potential ensuring emotional responses. Bissell should have considered the significance attached to emotional and cultural identities that simultaneously â€Å"empower† and â€Å"divide† and â€Å"hold a system together†. Group behavior is characterized by various unique elements, such as the issue of systemic influences, individual vs. collective morality, and downward causation, among others. Apparently, in deriving his solutions to ensuring that India works, Bissell has somewhat ignored these aspects. Bissell has also been seen to assume a â€Å"mechanistic† view of the systems. In this regard, he has sought to view the various systems in the Indian government and government as machines capable of being disman tled, re-engineered or assembled. Nonetheless, it is important to appreciate the fact that the proposal by Bissell to downsize the various economic and governance systems in India is not only a relevant undertaking, but also one that would result in increased transparency and enhanced service delivery. Change is painful and as such, there is often the urge to resist it. However, through a redesigning of the subsystems and systems in India, this would effectively acts as a stepping stone towards the transformation of India into a prosperous and sustainable nation. Reference Bissell, W. N. (2010). Making India Work. New Delhi: Penguin Books.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Making India Work: Summary was written and submitted by user Giovanni F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Short Stories Essays

Short Stories Essays Short Stories Essay Short Stories Essay Short Stories BY Shellytvtayl 2 A curious child asked his mother: Mommy, why are some of your hairs turning grey? The mother tried to use this occasion to teach her child: It is because of you, dear. Every bad action of yours will turn one of my hairs grey! The child replied innocently: Now I know why grandmother has only grey hairs on her head. Wrong email address: A couple going on vacation but his wife was on a business trip so he went to the destination first and his wife would meet him the next day. When he reached his hotel, he decided to send his wife a quick email. Unfortunately, when typing her address, he mistyped a letter and his note was directed instead to an elderly preachers wife whose husband had passed away only the day before. When the grieving widow checked her email, she took one look at the monitor, let out a piercing scream, and fell to the floor in a dead faint. At the sound, her family rushed into the room and saw this note on the screen: Dearest Wife, Just got checked in. Everything prepared for your arrival tomorrow. P. S. Sure is hot down here. Wills experience at the airport: After his return from Rome, Will couldnt find his luggage in the airport baggage area. He went to the lost luggage office and told the woman there that his bags hadnt shown up on the carousel. She smiled and told him not to worry because they were trained professionals and he was in good hands. Then she asked Will, Has your plane arrived yet? Clever kids: A police officer found a perfect hiding place for watching for speeding motorists. One day, the officer was amazed when everyone was under the speed limit, so he nvestigated and found the problem. A 10 years old boy was standing on the side of the road with a huge hand painted sign which said Radar Trap Ahead. A little more investigative work led the officer to the boys accomplice: another boy about 100 yards beyond the radar trap with a sign reading TIPS and a bucket at his feet full of change. 😛 Mouthology: A Professor was traveling by boat. On his way he asked the sailor: Do you know Biology, Ecology, Zoology, Geography, physiology? The sailor said no to all his questions. Professor: What the hell do you know on earth. You will die of illiteracy. After a while the boat started sinking. The Sailor asked the Professor, do you know swiminology escapology from sharkology? The professor said no. Sailor: Well, sharkology crocodilogy will eat your assology, headology you will dieology because of your mouthology. Captain: A naw captain is alerted by his First Mate that there is a pirate ship coming towards his position. He asks a sailor to get him his red shirt. The captain was asked, Why do you need a red shirt? The Captain replies, So that when I bleed, you guys dont notice and arens discouraged. They fight off the pirates eventually. their boat. He yells, Get me my brown pants! Elephant: The class teacher asks students to name an animal that begins with an E. One boy says, Elephant. Then the teacher asks for an animal that begins with a T. The same boy says, Two elephants. The teacher sends the boy out of the class for bad behavior. After that she asks for an animal beginning with M. The boy shouts from the other side of the wall: Maybe an elephant!

IS INTERNET ANONYMITY A MYTH OR REALITY Thesis

IS INTERNET ANONYMITY A MYTH OR REALITY - Thesis Example The aim of this research work is to analyse whether anonymity systems completely conceal the activity of a user or do they leave any residual information for others to identify the user. This research illustrates the different types and techniques of the anonymity tools. The low latency TOR network and the multi proxy aggregate services are discussed in detail along with the metrics for measuring anonymity. Based on these discussions, the major hypotheses of the research have been tested to find â€Å"Is Internet Anonymity a Myth or a Reality?† From the discussion of the design issues, implementation techniques, the types of attacks and the counter measures used to overcome the attacks, it has been found that in most of the scenarios, a common user could get acceptable level of anonymity by the usage of low latency networks like Tor and other multi proxy aggregate services. This is true because a common user may not expect an attack from a strong adversary. But when the user i s a specific company or a government agency that requires more anonymity, then the expected adversary may be strong. To handle such a strong adversary, specific methods of improvement as suggested by researchers need to be adopted. The practical implementation of these techniques may be challenging. Thus internet anonymity is a myth for specific users who require extreme anonymity, but internet anonymity is a reality for a common user. Contents Chapter 1 – Research Introduction 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Background of the Research 1.3. Research Aim and Objectives 1.4. Main Research Question 1.5. Research Hypotheses 1.6. Scope of the Research 1.7. Research Organization 1.8. Chapter summary Chapter 2 - Preliminary Literature Review 2.1. The Internet Architecture 2.2. Anonymity in Internet 2.3. Primitive Anonymous technology 2.4. Anonymity Tools 2.4.1. Freedom 2.x 2.4.2. Remailers 2.4.3. Freehaven 2.4.4. Digicash 2.4.5. Internet Cash Cards 2.5. Legal issues 2.6. Anonymous Users 2.7. Chapter summary Chapter 3 – Network latency and Anonymity 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Anonymity by High Latency 3.3. Anonymity by Low latency 3.4. Network topology and latency 3.5. Latency without noise 3.6. Challenges in implementing latency networks 3.6.1. Design issues 3.6.1.1. Transportation of data 3.6.1.2. Mid-Level Latency 3.6.1.3. Configuring nodes 3.6.1.4. Diversified Location 3.6.2. Social Challenges 3.6.2.1. Usability 3.6.2.2. Social Value 3.6.2.3. Sustainability 3.6.2.4. Bandwidth and Speed 3.7. Client location and latency 3.8. Circuit linking and latency 3.9. Performance of low latency networks 3.10. Chapter summary Chapter 4 - Multi-proxy Aggregate Services 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Types of Proxy servers 4.3. Need for multi proxy systems 4.4. Implementation of proxy services 4.4.1. A proxy system for intrusion tolerance system 4.4.2. A proxy model for multi modal access to internet services 4.4.3. Anonymous Signature Scheme 4.5. Dynamic Proxies 4.6. Chapter summary Ch apter 5 – TOR network 5.1. Introduction 5.2. TOR framework 5.3. The Onion Router Architecture 5.4. Second Generation TOR design 5.5. Cells in TOR 5.6. Circuit and streaming in TOR 5.6.1. Circuit construction 5.6.2. Streaming in Tor 5.7. Congestion Control 5.7.1. Throttling at circuit level 5.7.2. Throttling at stream

Fire and Emergency Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Fire and Emergency Management - Research Paper Example History There is a rich history that comes with the use of both the ISO grading system and the standards of coverage. The ISO grading system is actually adopted version of the fire suppression rating schedule (FSRS). The FSRS had been used as an independent rating system for several years in selected States until the need to ensuring that there is a global standardization of the activities of the fire and emergency service was brought up (ISO, 2014). Meanwhile, the insurance service office (ISO) had been functioning as an internationally recognized body that was responsible for setting standards of operation for various industries across the globe. To ensure that the rating schedule used for the purposes of fire and emergency fighting was at par with what was internationally recognized, the rating schedule was merged with the ISO standards to form what is today referred to as the ISO grading system of fire fighting. The history behind the standards of coverage can however be traced to very specific fire and emergency agencies across the country. This is because when the use of the standards of coverage started as an assessment system, it was only certified and used by the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC). These fire chiefs were the ones who ensured that within the limit of the agencies that managed, there was a standard that defined the way they operated and responded to fire.

Chinese Civilization Essay Example for Free

Chinese Civilization Essay The land here is broad and diverse. Among this immense piece of earth, one can find both farmer and businessman; mountain and plain; drought and rainfall; wasteland and farmland. It is vast, it is multifaceted. And yet these collections of disparate and dissimilar presences are bound as one, side by side with each other. They are together, they are connected. They are united, united under one name: China. It is impossible to choose a single word that exactly represents all the land of China. The Himalayan Mountains might have majesty, or the Forbidden City might have opulence, but certainly the two are quite different and cannot be swapped. Yet there is a word that can describe all the land of China: the cities, the mountains, the villages, the plains, the towns, the rivers, the deserts. That word is Beauty. Chinas cultural sphere has extended across East Asia as a whole, with Chinese religion, customs, and writing systems being adapted to varying degrees by neighbors such as Japan, Korea and Vietnam. The first evidence of human presence in the region was found at the Zhoukoudian cave. It is one of the first known specimens of Homo erectus, now commonly known as the Peking Man, estimated to have lived from 300,000 to 780,000 years ago China ranges from mostly plateaus and mountains in the west to lower lands in the east. Principal rivers flow from west to east, including the Yangtze (central), the Huang He (Yellow river, north-central), and the Amur (northeast), and sometimes toward the south (including the Pearl River, Mekong River, and Brahmaputra), with most Chinese rivers emptying into the Pacific Ocean. In the east, along the shores of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea there are extensive and densely populated alluvial plains. On the edges of the Inner Mongolian plateau in the north, grasslands can be seen. Southern China is dominated by hills and low mountain ranges. In the central-east are the deltas of Chinas two major rivers, the Huang Heand Yangtze River. Most of Chinas arable lands lie along these rivers, and they were the centers of Chinas major ancient civilizations. Other major rivers include the Pearl River, Mekong, Brahmaputra and Amur. Yunnan Province is considered a part of the Greater Mekong Subregion, which also includes Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. [47] In the west, the north has a great alluvial plain, and the south has a vast calcareous tableland traversed by hill ranges of moderate elevation, and the Himalayas, containing Earths highest point, Mount Everest. The northwest also has high plateaus with more arid desert landscapes such as the Takla-Makan and the Gobi Desert, which has been expanding. During many dynasties, the southwestern border of China has been the high mountains and deep valleys of Yunnan, which separate modern China from Burma, Laos and Vietnam. The Paleozoic formations of China, excepting only the upper part of the Carboniferous system, are marine, while the Mesozoic and Tertiary deposits are estuarine and freshwater, or else of terrestrial origin. Groups of volcanic cones occur in the Great Plain of north China. In the Liaodong and Shandong Peninsulas, there are basaltic plateaus. Part II CONTRIBUTIONS Society. Hundreds of ethnic groups have existed in China throughout its history. The largest ethnic group in China by far is the Han. This group, however, is internally diverse and can be further divided into smaller ethnic groups that share similar traits. Over the last three millennia, many previously distinct ethnic groups in China have been Sinicized into a Han identity, which over time dramatically expanded the size of the Han population. However, these assimilations were usually incomplete, and vestiges of indigenous language and culture still often remain in various regions of China. Because of this, many within the Han identity have maintained distinct linguistic and cultural traditions while still identifying as Han. Several ethnicities have also dramatically shaped Han culture, e. g. the Manchurian clothing called the qipao became the new Chinese fashion after the 17th century, replacing earlier Han styles of clothing such as the Hanfu. The modern term Chinese nation (Zhonghua Minzu) is now used to describe a notion of a Chinese nationality that transcends ethnic divisions. China has over 50 minority groups. Each group has different languages, customs, and traditions. Gap between the Rich and the Poor. The Chinese society was structurally complex and not much is known about it. Research is still on. Life in old Chinese society on a normal working day was hard and industrious for the farmers while luxurious and laid back for nobles and merchants. There was a wide demographic gap between the farmers and kings and nobles. The farmers were far more in population as compared to nobles. They were economically exploited and were made to work very hard. The nobles lived in luxurious palaces while the farmers in China survived in small huts. Naturally the nobles were highly regarded and lived with great riches. Religion. There are three main religions in China. They are Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. They were suppressed by the CCP during the 20th century, but they are still alive and penetrating the minds of Chinese today. These religions are all widespread, and aside from other world religions, they all originated in China. Confucianism was the official philosophy throughout most of Imperial Chinas history, and mastery of Confucian texts was the primary criterion for entry into the imperial bureaucracy. Chinas traditional values were derived from various versions of Confucianism. A number of more authoritarian strains of thought have also been influential, such as Legalism. There was often conflict between the ideas and philosophies, for example, the Song Dynasty Neo-Confucians believed Legalism departed from the original spirit of Confucianism. Examinations and a culture of merit remain greatly valued in China today. In recent years, a number of New Confucians (not to be confused with Neo-Confucianism) have advocated that democratic ideals and human rights are quite compatible with traditional Confucian Asian values. With the rise of European economic and military power beginning in the mid-19th century, non-Chinese systems of social and political organization gained adherents in China. Some of these would-be reformers totally rejected Chinas cultural legacy, while others sought to combine the strengths of Chinese and European cultures. In essence, the history of 20th-century China is one of experimentation with new systems of social, political, and economic organization that would allow for the reintegration of the nation in the wake of dynastic collapse. Economics. By roughly 10,000 BCE, in the Neolithic Era, agriculture was practiced in China. Stratified bronze-age cultures, such as Erlitou, emerged by the third millennium BCE. Under the Shang (ca. 1600–1045 BCE) and Zhou (1045–771 BCE), a dependent labor force worked in large-scale foundries and workshops to produce bronzes and silk for the elite. The agricultural surpluses produced by the manorial economy supported these early handicraft industries as well as urban centers and considerable armies. This system began to disintegrate after the collapse of the Western Zhou Dynasty in 771 BCE, preceding the Spring and Autumn and Warring states eras. As the feudal system collapsed, much legislative power was transferred from the nobility to local kings. A merchant class emerged during the Warring States Period, resulting in increased trade. The new kings established an elaborate bureaucracy, using it to wage wars, build large temples, and perform public works projects. This new system rewarded talent over birthright; important positions were no longer occupied solely by nobility. The adoption of new iron tools revolutionized agriculture and led to a large population increase during this period. By 221 BCE, the state of Qin, which embraced reform more than other states, unified China, built the Great Wall, and set consistent standards of government. [5] Although its draconian laws led to its overthrow in 206 BCE, the Qin institutions survived. During the Han Dynasty, China became a strong, unified, and centralized empire of self-sufficient farmers and artisans, though limited local autonomy remained. The Song Dynasty (960–1279 CE) brought additional economic reforms. Paper money, movable type, the compass, and other technological advances facilitated communication on a large scale and the widespread circulation of books. The state control of the economy diminished, allowing private merchants to prosper and a large increase in investment and profit. Despite disruptions during the Mongol conquest of 1279, the Ming Dynasty continued the Songs economic development. However, when the isolationist Qing Dynasty came into power, Chinas economic development began to slow. Europes rapid development during the Industrial Revolution enabled it to surpass China—an event known as the great divergence. Trade with foreign nations on a large scale began during the reign of Emperor Wu, when he sent the explorer Zhang Yi to contact nations west of China in search of allies to fight the Xiongnu. After the defeat of the Xiongnu, however, Chinese armies established themselves in Central Asia, starting the famed Silk Road, which became a major avenue of international trade Paper and Printing. The greatest Chinese discoveries of all times which the whole world accepts even today are the art of paper making, printing, gun powder and magnetic compass. Paper making was an art which developed in ancient China and they used silk, cloth, bark, fiber and hemp. Later during the Han Dynasty, about 1800 years ago, paper making was refined and was being made from hemp and bark and later from bamboo. Printing technology was invented in ancient China as far back as the 8th century and by 868 they were using wood block printing which was used to print the first book in the world. Advancement in the technology came by 11th century when movable ceramic printer was invented during the rule of the Song Dynasty. By the time the Tang dynasty came to power in ancient China, printing and paper making techniques had prompted the invention of books and book shops in the cities. Compass and Gun Powder. The invention of these two had put ancient China in the fore front in terms of scientific discovery and development. The compass was extremely useful for trade and sea travel. Here they used magnets to magnetize a pointer made of iron. Later the western world borrowed the technique for the navigation on the sea. Gun powder was invented by accident when the ancient Chinese found that throwing some types of mineral powders in the fire produces color and sparkling flame. They used the technology for making fireworks. Later the same gunpowder changed the art of modern warfare when it was used by the European powers against their enemies. Politics and Government. Ancient China had monarchy, i. e. government headed by an emperor and a royal family. Chinese rulers also called monarchs based their government on the Confucian model, which taught that the ruler was a virtuous man who led by example†¦ Despotic leadership. China like many other countries at that time was an agriculture based country with the river Yangtze as its lifeline. During the ancient period the king would be the leader and would be more of a dictator than a king for the people who would take decisions beneficial to them. He has un-surpassing power in all areas be it economy or governance or agriculture which was the livelihood of the people. Earliest incident of despotic leadership could probably be traced back to the Hsia dynasty (2200 – 1750 BC) when the emperor Yao picked Shun as his successor to help his people who were burdened by the regular floods. Enlightened Leadership. Shun can be given credit for being an enlightened leader, but he was very harsh on his people. He could put any of his people to death if they did not agree with his leadership. Other punishments included using whip, stick and fines for small offences. He was succeeded by Yu, who founded Hsia, the first dynasty. During this dynasty the Chinese government or the emperor employed huge labor to work under four groups: military, farming, construction workers and textile labor. Textile labor were given the task of weaving silk thread by hand to make clothes for the royal family, construction work included public work such as building wall, enlarging canals for agriculture etc. Military. Ancient China was most of the time caught in battles against the Huns or the invaders. In military the casualty was very high, because at that time it was quiet common to have mass warfare killing thousands at the same time; ordinary soldiers were simply treated as pawns by the king and other leaders. Shan Dynasty (1750-1040 BC) was ruthless when it came to battles, they even made the whole family fight in battles together because he believed they would fight better with each other. Position of Women. The Shan Dynasty followed the philosophy of Yin and Yan and believed in giving lesser role to women in the society as compared to men. Women were not given opportunities and were treated as inferior. Efforts to reform the Chinese Government. The Chou Dynasty (1040 -256 BC) tried to bring improvements in the government after the corrupt Shan Dynasty and tried to employ the feudal system. This new form of government in ancient China collapsed and ended up with Warring states period (403- 221 BC). Furthermore, corrupt emperors caused the country to fall apart into a continuous war like situation. It was after these that the enlightened Qin Dynasty ruled, which tried to reform and unified the country and builds the Great Wall of China. The Ancient Chinese Government was more of Despotism rather than Enlightened Monarchy which works for the betterment of the people. Legal Systems. Many of the ancient legal systems were considered to be harsh by modern day standards. When societies were beginning to establish civil order and a government hierarchy often many premises seemed extreme; for example, Hammurabi’s Code and the eye for an eye principle or the torture practices common in Medieval Europe. Although, modern China may be suspected of human rights abuses, Ancient China’s legal system was based on morals and the inherent good of the citizens. The Ancient Chinese legal system evolved through the principles of Confucianism and Legalism along with the traditions and morals of Ancient Chinese life. Confucianism. Confucianism as a philosophy gained prominence in the early existence of Ancient China. The Confucian philosophy believed that social control and social order could only be created through education. Confucianism influenced the Ancient Chinese legal system as it believed that humans were inherently good and that order was based on respect for the King and one’s fellow man. The early legal system of Ancient China was as a result, hesitant to utilize codified or written law. This was because codified laws served to tell people what to do without explaining the reasoning. Instead of codified law, the legal system of Ancient China was initially intended to be secondary to moral reasoning. It was believed under Confucianism that by ruling through traditions, norms, and morals that those who broke the accepted conditions would be ashamed and ostracized from society. Over time however, it became clear that in some circumstances people’s self-interest would differ from society. It was because of this that the premises of Confucianism were mixed with those of Legalism to form the first codified law in Ancient China. Legalism. Legalism in contrast to Confucianism was based on the concept that humans were predisposed to evil or wrongdoing. This belief led to the understanding that codified law and punishments were needed in order to maintain order in society. When Ancient China began to incorporate these principles into their legal system a focus was placed on the ruler. It was important to these principles that the ruler remained above the law so that his word could act as a guide. It was also important to Legalism that a ruler was respected so that his laws and punishments were seen as just. As Ancient China’s legal system evolved it remained important that the law had the respect of the people and that the people understood the traditions. Important Principles. Ancient China’s legal system is one of the oldest legal traditions and yet unlike modern day systems there was no separation between civil and criminal law. The legal system of Ancient China was structured around the ruler being able to unify society’s interests while maintaining respect. This premise is why any crimes against the ruler received no mercy. After the ruler in Ancient China the family was held in the highest regard; this is why crimes against the family were considered one of the greatest offences. In general Ancient China’s legal system attempted to enforce filial piety, to uphold the respect of family ancestors, to avoid legal action when possible, to create deterrents to actions and to control outbursts. In comparison, to many other early legal systems, China’s system was relatively relaxed and centered on the citizens rather than government mandates. Ancient China’s legal system was founded on the traditions of the society it was meant to control allowing the system to evolve into the present day Culture. Daily life in Ancient China is as mysterious as it is old. The ancient Chinese were master creators, artists, craftsmen and warlords. They created paper, gunpowder for battles, matches, cannons, compass, umbrellas and many more. They created many artifacts. They developed many martial arts and other art forms such as calligraphy. They used coins with holes in them. As there were no banks at that time they used to collect the money through strings in the coins. Ancient China was ruled by many dynasties and was constantly plagued with war. The peasants celebrated spring which was a very important festival in their life. It was celebrated during spring to welcome a good harvest and good fortune. Usually young men and women paired up and sang and danced. Like today, even in ancient China the Dragon was a sign of good luck. Chinese art is well known throughout the world. Its painting and calligraphy established the guiding principals by which other civilizations would emulate. In Chinese art, each object has its own subjective meaning, and can be interpreted in many ways. To the Chinese, color and form are not just words, but are a part of what makes them a unique people; there ability to surround themselves with beautiful architecture and lavish technique know no bounds. People around the world love Chinese food, and so they should. Lots of tradition and care has gone into some of todays finest and most famous dishes. In addition, Chinese medicine has been around for centuries, but only recently has it become a new, and almost baseline treatment, for common ailments such as headaches and fevers. Ancient Chinese Paintings. There are very few remains of paintings of ancient times except on ceramic and tiles, a clear historic development can be traced only after 5th century AD. Hundreds of caves of Buddhist wall paintings and scrolls dating back to late 5th century AD have been discovered. A highly organized system of representing objects was discovered different from the western perspective; the greatest strength of this art is its incomparable mastery of lines and silhouette. The art of figure painting reached it’s height during the Tang Dynasty, which also saw the rise of the great art of landscape painting executed as brush drawings with color washes Chinese Music and Poetry. Ancient Chinese music can be traced back to Neolithic age based on the discovery of bone flutes. Poetry and Music were influenced by the Book of Song, Confucius and the Chinese poet and statesman Qu Yuan. In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties music was only for the royal families and dignitaries, entering the mainstream only in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty ,Kunqu, the oldest form of Chinese opera developed and it was during this time that the writers and artists came up with new form of lyric poetry –Ci. Other Art Forms. There were other forms of art apart from the ones mentioned above during ancient times in China like Seals, Calligraphy, Embroidery, kite making, paper cutting and shadow puppetry. Ancient Chinese culture boasts of glorious forms of Art and traditional crafts which are just two of the many jewels in China’s 5000 year history.

Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn †Freedom :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Huckleberry Finn – Freedom In the novel The Adventures Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, a theme of freedom is portrayed. Freedom takes on a different perspective for each character in the novel. In Jim, the runaway slave, and Huck's, the mischievous boy, journey, they obtain freedom. Jim's hunt for freedom is an escape from the clutches of slavery, while Huck's is a flight from the civilized world. Their hunting for freedom is for one reason, for their happiness. This is shown throughout the novel in Jim's desire of escaping slavery and Huck's wish for being uncivilized. From the beginning of the novel, Jim lives his life as a slave. He is fairly content until one day, when he overhears his owner, Mrs. Watson, talking about selling him to New Orleans. Jim becomes terrified and runs from Mrs. Watson. From that point on in the novel, Jim turns into a runaway slave. His journey with Huck down the Mississippi river begins with only the fear of being caught as a runaway slave. Later in the journey, Jim starts to yearn for freedom from slavery. This is manifested in this quote when Huck describes Jim's reactions about being free in Cairo, "Jim said it made him all over trembly and feverish to be so close to freedom" (97). Jim's excitement is also demonstrated in more actions about Cairo as Huck describes more, "Jim was fidgeting up and down past me. We neither of us could keep still. Every time he danced around and says, "Dah's Cairo!"" (97) Jim's excitement for freedom is obvious. Slavery sets social chains on Jim's life and hinders his happin ess and his goals in life. The only way Jim can achieve his happiness is through freedom. Freedom for Jim means escape from slavery and a release from the social chains. Huck makes a clear point about his perspective about living in the Widow's civilized home when he states, "But it was rough living in a house all the time...and so when I couldn't stand it no longer, I lit out. I got into my old rags, and my sugar-hogshead again, and was free and satisfied" (1). Huck keeps this outlook on being restricted throughout the novel.

Hobson’s Choice Essay

Maggie. Yes, Maggie†¦ You’re growing on me lass. ‘ In act three we see that the wedding reception is a small and simple one. This tells the audience that Maggie is not one for wasting money and does not mind having the party in the cellars. As the play moves on, the audience starts to see a change in Willie, You’re making a great mistake, Mr. Hobson. ‘ Willie also starts to take the upper hand with Hobson, ‘Sit down, Mr. Hobson. ‘ The change in him is all down to Maggie; she has pride in Willie and believes in him. Their marriage is originally more of a business arrangement but it starts to ecome more of marriage of equal partners. When Hobson comes over to seek help, Maggie is sure to talk to Will first, Will it’s my father. Is he to come in? Maggie and Will work together to make Hobson feel ashamed of his drinking and lead him into giving marriage settlements to her younger sisters. The audience will warm to Maggie over the way he skilfully gets her own back on her father. When Maggie deals with her father’s â€Å"problem†, she is in control and the audience, clearly see that she and Will are working together as a team, ‘Do you think it will get in the paper Maggie?†¦ Yes, for sure. ‘ Will has come a long way as he was previously described as ‘stunted mentally by a brutalised childhood. ‘ Even though Maggie’s plan has gone well in getting Hobson to give the settlement money over as a fine for trespassing, she shows that she cares for her sisters. Maggie does not let Albert Prosser take the thousand pounds he originally asks for, You needn’t be greedy. ‘ She also threatens to counter-sue and confirms the original settlement of five hundred pounds. We see a softer more sentimental side of Maggie when she throws away the hot ouse flowers but keeps one to press in her bible. To finish the act, Brighouse returns to the comedy of when Will has to be led to bed ‘by the ear. ‘ Although Maggie is clearly in charge in this respect, it contains an element of affection and humour plus this would also make her character a likeable one. At the start of Act Four, we see that Hobson is ill. Tubby tries to help by suggesting for Maggie to come over. ‘Shall I go for Miss Maggie sir? The opinion is agreed by the doctor, ‘l don’t know who this Maggie is, but I prescribe her. ‘ When Maggie and her sisters find that Hobson needs looking after, Vickey and Alice try to get Maggie to do it. Alice says, ‘I don’t think I can be expected to come back to this after what IVe been used to. ‘ Hobson tries to offer an unfair, mean deal to Maggie and Will to take care of him but Maggie quickly says, ‘If he goes, I go with him father,’ as the bribe is poor. The audience notice how Will has become a true gentleman with the help from Maggie, You’re the man IVe made you and I’m proud. When Will tries to replace Maggie’s brass ring for a gold one, Maggie does not ish to give it up. That brass ring stays where you put it. ‘ This shows the audience a sense of sentimentality. The play ends with Hobson as a sleeping partner, in Will’s business. Will, amazed, closes the act and the play with the words, W ell by gum! ‘ At the end of the play, the audience sees that Maggie as more of a likeable character. She is portrayed, by Brighouse, as a successful businesswoman – strange for a lady in her point in time. Brighouse shows Maggie can be fair and compassionate with other characters.

The North And The South - 1257 Words

The North and the South had a growing tension between them for many reasons, and the northern abolitionists encouraged a Civil War through their actions of protest. Abolitionists foresaw a Civil War because the growing tensions between the North and the South became apparent in political and social changes, slavery issues, and the growing occurrence of rebellions. Political and social changes occurred in many ways. One example of a social change includes The Second Great Awakening. As a result, the massive religious movement caused a numerous amount of reform movements such as abolitionism, public education, and the temperance movement (Puzan). Abolitionists realized that slaves were not to be treated like animals, and voiced this concept strongly. William Lloyd Garrison, an influential abolitionist and author of a newspaper called The Liberator, expressed his opinion about the evils of humanity and slavery through these papers (Puzan). In one of Garrison’s poems, Sonnet to Li berty, he wrote, â€Å"I may not plead for all the human race; that some are born to bondage and disgrace, some to a heritage of woe and shame,† strongly believing that all men should be treated the same (Garrison). Garrison’s persuasion caused more commotion throughout the country over slavery, because he believed that slaves were equal to whites. The Second Great Awakening led to the Civil War, because the amount of citizens against slavery increased and divided the people of the North and the South. AShow MoreRelatedThe South And North And South961 Words   |  4 Pagesearly 1800s, the South and the North were worlds apart from each other in various ways. The North and the South had altered economies, ideas, and attitudes toward slavery. The diverse economies in the North and South led to discrepancies among the regions about taxes on imported goods or tariffs. 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